Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a simple phospholipid consisting of a glycerol group, a fatty acid group, and a phosphate group. The types of fatty acid include palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid. The PA molecule is an acidic compound with a negative charge. PA can be used in the food industry, pharmaceutical industry, cosmetics and other...
The variety of lipid compounds and the complexity of biological sample matrices require lipidomics analysis to utilize advanced separation techniques and detection methods. At present, various chromatographic techniques are mainly used, including thin-layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography (GC), capillary electrophoresis (CE), supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), high-performance...
Within the domain of high-throughput RNA sequencing, the precise quantification of gene expression levels and the detection of infrequent variants play a pivotal role in illuminating the intricacies of biological phenomena and disease mechanisms. Nevertheless, several technical obstacles, including PCR duplicates and sequencing errors, impede the fidelity and exactness of RNA-seq data. The...
What is ChIP Sequencing?
Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is an effective method for isolating DNA fragments bound to specific proteins in vivo. DNA-binding proteins can be transcription factors (TFs) or other chromatin-associated proteins, such as histones. With the rapid development of DNA sequencing technology, the direct sequencing of DNA fragments obtained in ChIP using...
The role of proteolytic enzymes in cellular function regulation has long been underestimated by the scientific realm. The identification of ubiquitin and its associated proteolytic enzymes has marked a revolutionary shift in scientific insights. Ubiquitin, a highly conserved molecule consisting of 76 amino acids, is ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells – hence its denomination. Its covalent...
What is Protein Glycosylation
Protein glycosylation denotes the enzymatic coupling of carbohydrate moieties, notably sugars, to predetermined amino acid residues within proteins, thereby yielding glycoproteins. This intricate biochemical phenomenon unfolds within the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, orchestrated by a heterogeneous ensemble of glycosyltransferases. Notably,...
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